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Video Endoscopic Sequence 1 of 5.
Endoscopy of Candida Esophagitis
This 63 year-old diabetic female underwent a routine endoscopy
Patchy white exudate scattered throughout the length
of the esophagus.
Infection with Candida species is the most common type of
infectious esophagitis. Major predisposing factors include
antibiotic use, radiation therapy or chemotherapy,
hematologic malignancies, and AIDS. Other conditions
associated with an increased incidence of Candida
esophagitis include esophageal stasis, alcoholism,
malnutrition, and advanced age. Occasionally, Candida
esophagitis can occur in otherwise healthy individuals with
no underlying esophageal or systemic disease.
For further endoscopic information, download the video clip
by clicking on the endoscopic image. Wait to be
downloaded complete then Press Alt and Enter for full
screen ( Windows Media), Real Player: Ctrl and 3. All
endoscopic images shown in this Atlas contain video clips.
We recommend seeing the video clips in full screen mode.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 2 of 5.
Candida esophagitis results from fungal overgrowth in the
esophagus, impaired cell-mediated immunity, or both.
Fungal overgrowth typically occurs in the setting of
esophageal stasis resulting from abnormal esophageal
motility (eg, achalasia or scleroderma) or mechanical
causes (eg, strictures). Impaired cell-mediated immunity
can result from immunosuppressive therapy (eg, with
steroids or cytotoxic agents), malignancy, or AIDS.
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is a congenital
immunodeficiency state that is also associated with
Candida esophagitis.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 3 of 5.
Whitish yeast colonies which may become confluent, and which may be associated with ulceration.
Candidiasis is often asymptomatic, and may be a chance finding of no clinical significance. It can however, be the cause of odynophagia or dysphagia. It is seen commonly in the elderly and patients with immunoparesis or antibiotic therapy.
The appearance may be of small white spots, white lines, irregular yellow lines or confluent white or discoloured material.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 4 of 5.
It observes the permeation of the hifa through Esophageal epithelium
Candida organisms are found in the superficial epithelium
layers and inflammatory exudate, but are not easily seen
on H&E-steined sections.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 5 of 5.
Microbiological, histological or cytological examination of the exudate is essential for accurate diagnosis.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 1 of 5.
Oropharynge-Esophagic Candidiasis.
A 27 year-old female, HIV-positive with Colonic
tuberculosis mimicking Crohn's disease, patient
complained of dysphagia and odynophagia.
Candidiasis is a frequent complication for HIV-positive
individuals.
Candida can infect the lining of the mucous membranes in
the esophagus, intestines.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 2 of 5.
Candidiasis. White plaques are present on the bucal
mucosa and the undersurface of the tongue and represent
thrush. When wiped off, the plaques leave red erosive
areas.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 3 of 5.
The usual clinical presentation of Candida esophagitis is
dysphagia and/or odynophagia in a patient with 1 or more
predisposing factors for the condition. Symptoms are
variable in severity, ranging from mild difficulty in
swallowing to such intense odynophagia that the patient is
unable to eat or swallow saliva. Other patients may present
with chest pain or gastrointestinal tract bleeding, and
occasionally, they may be asymptomatic.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 4 of 5.
Oropharyngeal candidiasis is commonly associated with
esophageal candidiasis; therefore, the presence of oral
thrush may be helpful in suggesting the diagnosis of
Candida esophagitis in the appropriate clinical setting.
Nevertheless, only 50-75% of patients with Candida
esophagitis have oropharyngeal disease, and some
patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis and dysphagia are
found to have other types of esophagitis; therefore, the
correct diagnosis cannot always be suggested on the basis
of clinical presentation.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 5 of 5.
This image and the video clip display esophageal
candidiasis.
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Candida Esophagitis
An extensive exudate covers the mucosa
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 1 of 6.
Esophageal Candidiasis Infected with Bacteria
58 year-old male, who suffers from long-standing
gastroesophageal reflux, he is not a diabetic.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 2 of 6.
There are tiny white-green elevations, the histopathological
examination which hyphae and bacteria. are observed.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 3 of 6.
Gastroesophageal junction there is a hiatus hernia with
signs of reflux esophagitis and injuries caused by
candidiasis.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 4 of 6.
Retroflexion maneuver watching the tiny lesions
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 5 of 6.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 6 of 6.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 1 of 3.
Candida species are yeastlike fungi that can form true
hyphae and pseudohyphae. For the most part, Candida
species are confined to human and animal reservoirs;
however, they are frequently recovered from the hospital
environment, including on foods, countertops,
air-conditioning vents, floors, respirators, and medical
personnel. They are also normal commensals of diseased
skin and mucosal membranes of the gastrointestinal,
genitourinary, and respiratory tracts.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 2 of 3.
Candida is the fourth most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection in the United States.
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Video Endoscopic Sequence 3 of 3.
lesions are seen in the oropharynx
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